A Hybrid Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS Framework for Identifying Talent Acquisition Barriers in Colombian SMEs: Insights for Enhancing Recruitment Competitiveness

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to identify and prioritize the barriers to talent acquisition faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Colombia, focusing on internal and external factors that limit recruitment and retention capabilities in an emerging labor market.
Methodology: A hybrid Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approach is employed, analyzing data from 1,697 surveys collected across Colombian SMEs. This approach allows for a comprehensive evaluation of subjective recruitment challenges, specifically suited to the Colombian labor context.
Main Findings: Results indicate that "Internal Company Factors" and "Candidate Qualifications and Skills" are the most critical barriers to recruitment, with small enterprises showing closer alignment with ideal hiring conditions than micro and medium enterprises. Sensitivity analysis further suggests that infrastructure improvements, competitive compensation, and institutional support are key areas to enhance SMEs' competitiveness in talent acquisition.
Future Research: Future research could expand this framework to other Latin American countries, examining sector-specific recruitment barriers and evaluating the impact of varying institutional support levels across regions.