Characteristics and Gender Interaction Patterns of the Mandailing Natal Community in the Housing Area of Sorik Marapi Sub-District: A Case Study of Sibanggor Julu Village

Abstract

The Mandailing Natal community, particularly in Sibanggor Julu Village, has experienced changes in gender interaction patterns due to modernization and social development. This study aims to examine the characteristics and patterns of gender interaction in Sibanggor Julu Village, focusing on the roles of men and women within the housing context and social changes. The method used is a descriptive quantitative approach with a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats), which identifies factors influencing gender dynamics within families and communities. The research results indicate that although the community is still gender-structured, with male dominance in public spaces and decision-making, there has been a shift, particularly among the younger generation, especially women. Increased education for women has opened opportunities for them to play a more active role in the informal economy and social sectors. However, women still face barriers in accessing the formal sector and decision-making at the community level. The domestic roles more commonly carried by women remain a hindrance to achieving greater gender equality. The SWOT analysis reveals that the strength lies in the tradition of mutual cooperation that fosters solidarity between men and women, as well as the growing awareness of women's education as an opportunity for change. However, the main weakness is male dominance in decision-making and women's economic dependence. Opportunities arise from modernization, which has expanded access to education and information, while threats come from traditional norms that continue to restrict women's roles. This study recommends the importance of collaboration between the government, society, and social organizations to support women's empowerment through education, skills training, and access to the formal economic sector. The government is expected to create policies that support women's participation in community decision-making. Additionally, gender equality campaigns need to be expanded to change public perceptions of women's roles, especially in the public and political sectors. With these measures, it is hoped that there will be a more substantial improvement in gender equality in Sibanggor Julu Village, while still respecting cultural values without neglecting women's rights and opportunities.