Artificial Intelligence in Education: Benefits, Challenges, and Ethical Considerations According to Scientific Evidence

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has positioned itself as a key tool to transform education, offering multiple benefits ranging from the personalization of learning to the optimization of academic management. AI's ability to analyze data and tailor teaching to each student's needs has led to more interactive and efficient learning. However, the integration of these technologies poses significant ethical and societal challenges. Reliance on large volumes of data exposes students to privacy risks, and the potential for algorithmic biases can intensify existing inequalities, affecting vulnerable groups by gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.
The analysis of various research underlines that, although AI can democratize access to knowledge and improve the educational experience, its implementation must be carried out with an ethical and responsible approach. This involves developing policies that encourage equitable access to these technologies and training programs for both teachers and students, promoting informed and conscious use.
AI has the potential to be an engine of innovation that revolutionizes the education system, but for its benefits to be fully realized, its risks and limitations need to be addressed. The creation of solid regulatory and ethical frameworks is essential to ensure that AI acts as a complement that enhances the work of teachers, without replacing the human and collaborative aspects that are fundamental in learning. This study reinforces the need for a balance between technology and ethics to move towards an inclusive and sustainable education system.