Assessing Nursing Competency in Myocardial Infarction Management in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with nurses playing a crucial role in its management. This study aimed to assess nursing competency in MI management in Saudi Arabia by evaluating nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices. A descriptive research design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to a random sample of 324 nurses. Most participants held diploma degrees (64.8%), were female (74.1%), and had 4-15 years of work experience (67.3%). Results revealed a high level of knowledge about MI management, with an average score of 4.01 out of 5 (80.11% relative weight). Nurses demonstrated a strong understanding of key MI indicators, such as chest pain and "silent" heart attacks in diabetic patients. However, there was lower recognition of immediate oxygen and aspirin administration for suspected MI cases. Nurses exhibited positive attitudes towards their role in MI management (average score: 4.02 out of 5; 80.40% relative weight), emphasizing the importance of prompt intervention. Practices related to MI management were also found to be satisfactory (average score: 4.16 out of 5; 83.30% relative weight), with nurses adhering to protocols such as documenting symptoms and administering oxygen and aspirin. Nevertheless, there was less emphasis on encouraging rehabilitation programs for MI patients. The findings underscore the importance of ongoing professional development and targeted training programs to address knowledge gaps, reinforce best practices, and promote a holistic approach to MI care. By empowering nurses through continuous education and institutional support, healthcare systems in Saudi Arabia can enhance the quality of MI management and improve patient outcomes.