Comparison of CT and MRI for Brain Imaging: Review Article

Abstract

Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are two primary imaging modalities used for the evaluation of brain pathology. CT scans utilize X-ray technology and provide rapid imaging, making them particularly beneficial in emergency situations for detecting acute hemorrhages, skull fractures, and certain types of tumors. The efficiency and speed of CT imaging are crucial when time is of the essence, such as in the case of stroke assessment. However, CT is limited by its reliance on ionizing radiation and may not provide the same level of tissue contrast or detail as MRI, particularly in soft tissue differentiation and in detecting subtle abnormalities. On the other hand, MRI employs magnetic fields and radiofrequency pulses to generate detailed images of the brain, providing superior soft tissue contrast compared to CT. This allows for more precise characterization of brain lesions, such as multiple sclerosis plaques, tumors, and other structural anomalies. MRI is particularly advantageous for chronic conditions and neurological disorders as it avoids ionizing radiation and can produce multiplanar images through various sequences. Despite its sensitivity, MRI is limited by longer acquisition times, higher costs, and contraindications related to certain implants or devices. Ultimately, the choice between CT and MRI for brain imaging often depends on the clinical context, indication for imaging, and the specific characteristics of the lesion in question.