Healthcare Professionals’ Attitude And Practice Toward Drug Allergy: A Cross-Sectional Study In Qassim, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) pose significant challenges in clinical practice, requiring healthcare practitioners (HCPs) to have adequate knowledge and appropriate management strategies. The attitudes and practices of pharmacists and nurses toward drug allergies influence patient safety and the effectiveness of care. This study aims to assess the attitudes, and practices of pharmacists and nurses regarding drug allergy management in different healthcare settings. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacists and nurses working in tertiary hospitals, secondary hospitals, and community health centers. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed demographic characteristics, attitudes toward drug allergy, and current practices related to drug hypersensitivity management. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages, were used to analyze the responses. Results: A total of 169 HCPs participated, including 50 (29.6%) males and 119 (70.4%) females. The majority held a bachelor's degree (81.7%) and worked as nurses (73.4%). Most participants were employed in tertiary (50.9%) and secondary (44.4%) hospitals. Regarding attitudes, 92.9% agreed that advanced training on DHRs is essential, and 79.8% supported in vivo or in vitro testing before drug administration. In practice, 56.8% reported that drug allergy tests were available and performed upon request, further, 67.7% always inquired about allergy history before drug administration. Continuous medical education participation was reported by 40.9% of respondents, highlighting the need for improved training. Conclusion: Pharmacists and nurses demonstrated awareness of the importance of drug allergy management, yet gaps in positive attitude and inconsistencies in practice were identified. Standardized protocols, improved access to allergy testing, and enhanced training programs are necessary to ensure patient safety and optimal management of DHRs.