Assess of Knowledge of Nurses and Health Care Staff about Radiation Hazards

Abstract

Background: Ionizing radiation is widely used in medical settings for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, exposing healthcare workers to potential health risks if safety measures are not followed. Nurse and health care staff working in radiology and nuclear medicine departments are particularly vulnerable to radiation hazards. This study evaluates their knowledge of nurse and health care staff about radiations hazards. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, targeting nurse and health care staff in diagnostic radiology, oncology, and nuclear medicine departments. A random sample of 105 participants (25 nurses and 80 technicians) was selected. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire to assess knowledge and an observation checklist to evaluate safety practices. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The study revealed that 38.1% of participants were under 30 years old, with 51.4% having less than 10 years of experience. Despite the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), only 5.7% of participants found it sufficient, and only 17.1% had attended training on PPE usage. Knowledge levels were predominantly poor, with over two-thirds of participants demonstrating inadequate safety practices. A significant correlation was found between knowledge and practice levels (p < 0.05). Participants with over 20 years of experience reported higher prevalence rates of occupational diseases, particularly blood disorders, with statistically significant associations between years of experience and disease occurrence. Conclusion: The study highlights gaps in knowledge and practice regarding radiation hazards among nurse and health care staff . Regular training programs, adequate provision of PPE, and enhanced educational efforts are recommended to improve safety practices and reduce occupational risks in radiation-related departments.