A Multidisciplinary Approach to Mental Health Care: Collaboration Between Nurses, Psychologists, Social Workers, and Health Administrators

Abstract

Background:
Mental health care is inherently complex, often involving biological, psychological, social, and administrative factors. Addressing mental health conditions effectively requires a multidisciplinary approach that integrates diverse professional perspectives. Nurses, psychologists, social workers, and health administrators each contribute unique skills and insights to the care continuum, but their collaboration must be structured and well-coordinated to optimize patient outcomes.

Objectives:
This review explores the collaborative roles of nurses, psychologists, social workers, and health administrators in delivering comprehensive mental health care. It aims to identify best practices, challenges in interdisciplinary teamwork, and strategies for effective coordination to ensure patient-centered, holistic care.

Methods:
A narrative review methodology was employed, sourcing peer-reviewed articles, guidelines, and case studies from databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. The selection criteria emphasized interdisciplinary mental health models, role delineation, team dynamics, and administrative strategies in both inpatient and community-based settings.

Findings:
Nurses provide continuous care, medication management, and crisis intervention; psychologists offer diagnostic assessment and evidence-based psychotherapies; social workers address psychosocial determinants and ensure continuity of care through case management; and health administrators play a key role in resource allocation, policy implementation, and systemic coordination. When these professionals collaborate through structured communication, shared goals, and mutual respect, patient care improves significantly. However, barriers such as role ambiguity, hierarchical dynamics, and systemic fragmentation can hinder effective teamwork.

Conclusions:
A multidisciplinary model of mental health care that fosters active collaboration among nurses, psychologists, social workers, and administrators enhances care delivery and supports patient recovery. Institutional policies must promote interprofessional education, clarify role boundaries, and support integrated care models. Continued investment in team-based approaches is essential to meet the growing demand for mental health services and to improve overall healthcare outcomes.