Key factors in preventive communication for risk reduction in situations of natural disasters

Abstract

The objective of this study is to identify the key factors in preventive communication for risk reduction in emergencies caused by natural disasters. Using the MICMAC technique and a study based on experts, 12 critical factors were assessed and classified, based on their level of influence and dependency within the preventive communication system. A qualitative-descriptive study was carried out, with a mixed methodological approach and a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The results showed that the clarity and precision of messages, trust in institutions, community participation, and transparency of information are considered the most strategic factors for preventive communication when responding to natural disaster situations. The analysis of indirect influences shows critical paths: it is evident that factors such as clarity of messages and transparency of information are indirectly influential on community participation based on other factors. It is concluded that preventive communication strategies must be carried out considering the direct and indirect influences.