Correlation analysis between the Gross Domestic Product and the production of dairy products in Colombia between 2005 and 2022

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the connection between Colombia's GDP and dairy product production from 2005 to 2022. R Studio was used to process the data, which came from the Republic of Colombia's National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE). In order to employ the Pearson correlation coefficient in the second stage of the study, the Shapiro-Wilk test was first used to confirm that the data was normal. At the interval or ratio level, this coefficient quantifies the relationship between two variables. According to the findings, GDP and the production of dairy products have a substantial positive association (r = 0.88), and both variables are regularly distributed. Additionally, the association is statistically significant, as indicated by the hypothesis test's p-value of less than 0.05. The study suggests that as GDP increases or decreases, dairy production follows a similar trend, which could be related to economic demand in different contexts. However, it is noted that this correlation does not imply direct causality, since other factors could influence milk production.