Systematic Review of Psychological and Emotional Factors on Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Abstract

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has become a complex disorder that goes beyond
visceral hyperalgesia, alterations in the sensitivity of the central and enteric nervous
systems, alterations in the communication between the enteric nervous system and
the central nervous system, alterations in the intestinal microflora, increased
intestinal permeability and minimal enteric inflammation. It is known that
psychological and social factors can influence the interaction between the central and
enteric nervous systems and there is evidence that it is involved in the pathogenesis
of IBS and influences the treatment and the outcome. It is suggested that abuse history
and stressful life events may play a role in the development of functional
gastrointestinal disorders. Genetic factors and social learning theory have been put
forward in an attempt to explain the clustering of IBS in families The various
psychological attributes including anxiety, depression, and co-morbid psychiatric
disorders, as well as health beliefs play a critical role in the management of patients
with IBS and are related to both symptoms and outcomes. This knowledge can be the
basis for an improved and more comprehensive management of IBS with benefit to the
patient in the form of a better quality of life.