The Theoretical Role of Forensic Medicine in Assessing Post-Surgical Complications

Abstract

This research explores the critical role of forensic medicine in evaluating post-surgical complications, integrating its theoretical and practical dimensions to bridge clinical practices with legal and ethical considerations. The study utilized a structured methodology, beginning with an extensive literature review of 100 studies published between 2010 and 2024. The research employed a qualitative framework, focusing on three core themes: diagnostic tools in forensic medicine, predictive technologies, and systemic and ethical evaluations. Causation analysis and technological advancements, such as artificial intelligence and advanced imaging, were central to this exploration.
Key findings highlight the enduring relevance of traditional forensic tools, including autopsies and histopathology, for diagnosing surgical complications. The integration of advanced technologies, such as AI models and biomarkers, emerged as transformative in predicting and mitigating post-surgical risks. Additionally, forensic assessments were found to significantly contribute to systemic reforms, fostering accountability and enhancing patient safety through hospital audits and quality assurance processes.
The results emphasize the multidimensional contributions of forensic medicine, showcasing its ability to resolve disputes, improve clinical outcomes, and uphold ethical standards. Recommendations include expanding the use of advanced diagnostic tools, ethically integrating AI, and promoting interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure systemic improvements in healthcare. By synthesizing its diagnostic, predictive, and systemic roles, forensic medicine is positioned as an indispensable component of modern surgical care.