The impact of artificial intelligence on the personalization of learning in higher education: challenges and opportunities

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) transforms higher education by enabling the personalization of learning based on individual student needs. This study analyzes the impact of AI on educational personalization, exploring its benefits, challenges and opportunities in the university context. Through a mixed approach, which includes interviews, surveys and controlled experiments, the perceptions of students, teachers and administrators were evaluated, as well as the academic results associated with the use of these technologies. The findings reveal that AI improves academic performance and learning experience by offering adaptability, immediate feedback, and inclusive tools for students with specific needs. However, important barriers were identified, such as lack of teacher training, resistance to change, algorithmic bias, and inequalities in access to technology. Additionally, ethical concerns arise related to privacy and the use of student data. Despite the challenges, AI offers significant opportunities to optimize teaching time, predict dropout risks, and foster educational inclusion. This article concludes that institutions must adopt comprehensive strategies to implement AI equitably, ethically, and effectively, combining advanced technology with human-centered pedagogy.