Radiation Dose Management in Modern Radiology: Strategies, Innovations, and Patient-Centered Approaches

Abstract

Diagnostic imaging plays a pivotal role in modern healthcare by enabling accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. However, the use of ionizing radiation in imaging poses potential risks, including DNA damage and long-term health consequences. This review explores the complexities of optimizing radiation doses in diagnostic imaging to balance diagnostic accuracy with patient safety. The review covers patient-specific factors, advanced techniques such as iterative reconstruction, automated exposure control, and artificial intelligence-driven dose management. Emphasis is placed on the ALARA principle, adherence to international guidelines, and innovations such as radiography and dark-field radiography. Patient-centered approaches and future directions, including non-ionizing methods and long-term risk monitoring, are highlighted to promote safer and more effective imaging practices. The review emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in advancing radiation safety standards in radiology.