Integration of Precision Medicine in Saudi Arabian Nursing Practice: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence and Future Directions

Abstract

Precision medicine is an emerging approach that tailors healthcare to individual patients based on their genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. This systematic review aims to synthesize the current evidence on the integration of precision medicine in nursing practice in Saudi Arabia and identify future directions for research and practice. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases for studies published between 2010 and 2023. The search terms included "precision medicine," "personalized medicine," "nursing," and "Saudi Arabia." The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 6 quantitative, 4 qualitative, and 2 mixed-methods studies. The findings suggest that the integration of precision medicine in Saudi Arabian nursing practice is still in its early stages, with limited awareness and understanding among nurses. The main barriers to integration include lack of education and training, limited access to genetic testing and data, and cultural and ethical concerns. However, several opportunities for integration were identified, such as the potential for improved patient outcomes, enhanced patient-centered care, and increased nursing autonomy and leadership. The review highlights the need for further research to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of precision medicine interventions in nursing practice, as well as the development of educational programs and policies to support the integration of precision medicine in Saudi Arabian healthcare.