Factors Associated with Success in Medical and Health Fields Across Specialties: A Narrative Review in Nursing, Pharmacy, Public Health, Hospital Management, and Health Information

Abstract

Success in healthcare professions requires a multifaceted understanding of factors that contribute to achieving excellence across various specialties. This narrative review examines the key determinants of success in nursing, pharmacy, public health, hospital management, and health information. It identifies shared factors, such as communication skills, teamwork, professionalism, ethical practices, and critical thinking, alongside unique specialty-specific attributes like pharmacological expertise, epidemiological analysis, and leadership in hospital management. The study highlights the role of education, internships, interprofessional collaboration, and continuous professional development in fostering these competencies. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of adapting healthcare training and policies to meet emerging challenges, such as technological advancements, cultural sensitivity, and evolving patient-centered care models. By synthesizing existing literature, the review provides insights for educators, policymakers, and healthcare leaders to design strategies that enhance professional success and improve healthcare outcomes, particularly in diverse and dynamic healthcare systems like Saudi Arabia’s.