Comparative Effectiveness of Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) vs. Inhalational Anesthesia

Abstract

The comparative effectiveness of Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) and inhalational anesthesia has been widely studied, revealing distinct advantages and limitations for each technique. TIVA demonstrates superiority in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), facilitating faster recovery, and improving patient satisfaction. It is particularly beneficial in outpatient settings and high-risk populations, including obese and geriatric patients. Inhalational anesthesia, however, remains a versatile and cost-effective option, especially in resource-limited settings, despite its higher incidence of PONV and potential neurocognitive risks. Both techniques provide comparable hemodynamic stability when managed appropriately. TIVA’s minimal environmental footprint offers an added advantage in sustainable healthcare practices. This review highlights the need for personalized anesthetic planning, advanced monitoring, and further research into long-term cognitive outcomes and environmental impacts. These findings can guide anesthesiologists in optimizing patient care while addressing safety, efficacy, and sustainability concerns.