Noninvasive Ventilation in respiratory therapy

Abstract

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has become a cornerstone in respiratory therapy, providing ventilatory support without the need for invasive procedures. Initially developed to address chronic respiratory conditions such as neuromuscular disorders and obesity hypoventilation syndrome, NIV has evolved into a critical intervention for both chronic and acute respiratory insufficiencies. Its applications in managing conditions like chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD), acute respiratory failure, and severe hypoxemia have yielded significant clinical benefits, including enhanced oxygenation, reduced hospital admissions, and improved quality of life.
Technological advancements, such as adaptive algorithms and patient-friendly interfaces like nasal masks, face masks, helmet systems, and total face masks, have expanded its utility in both hospital and home settings. However, challenges persist, including patient adherence, mask discomfort, and the need for standardized guidelines and training. This review explores the applications, benefits, limitations, and innovations in NIV, highlighting its transformative role in modern respiratory care and its potential to further enhance patient outcomes through ongoing research and technological development.