Biophysical Basis and Utility of Ultrasound Elastography in Diagnosing Thyroid Nodules: Review

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the biophysical principles and clinical utility of ultrasound elastography (USE) in diagnosing thyroid nodules.
Thyroid nodules are common, with a small percentage being malignant, requiring precise diagnostic tools. Ultrasound elastography, a non-invasive imaging modality, assesses tissue stiffness to differentiate between benign and malignant nodules. Strain elastography (SE) and shear wave elastography (SWE) provide qualitative and quantitative stiffness measurements, enhancing diagnostic accuracy. USE reduces unnecessary biopsies, complements traditional ultrasound, and aids in monitoring nodule progression. Despite challenges such as operator dependency and overlapping stiffness values, USE is a valuable tool for improving thyroid nodule management and patient outcomes.