Application of Ultrasound in Medical Therapy

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the role of ultrasound and its applications in healthcare, and to examine its relationship with biomedical engineering.
Methods: This prospective clinical trial included 75 patients suspected of bladder tumors at Golestan Teaching Hospital, Ahvaz (2014-2015). The sample size was calculated using a 5% error level, 80% test power, and 0.7 effect size (d). Patients with a smoking history and those with irritative symptoms or painless hematuria were included.
Results: Among the 75 participants, 7% were female and 91% male, with ages ranging from 18— 86 years (mean: 61.58 ± 16.21 years). The 61—70 age group represented the largest proportion (34%). Smoking history was recorded for 81% of patients, and the most common symptoms were irritative symptoms (80%) and painless hematuria (89%).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that sonography has a high sensitivity and specificity (100%) in identifying bladder malignancies. Since ultrasound is considered a noninvasive diagnostic technique, it can be used as a screening tool to rule out bladder tumors in patients with painless hematuria, avoiding the need for unnecessary cystoscopy.