"The Role of Laboratory-Based Theories in Enhancing Forensic Evidence Interpretation"

Abstract

This study explores the role of laboratory-based theories in enhancing forensic evidence interpretation by examining advanced methodologies and their applications. The mixed-methods research design incorporated both qualitative and quantitative approaches, structured into three phases: data collection, analytical validation, and statistical evaluation. Data were sourced from 1,500 forensic case records and simulations of advanced technologies like massively parallel sequencing (MPS) and STRmix™, providing a robust foundation for analyzing real-world and experimental scenarios.
The study highlighted critical findings. STRmix™ improved the resolution of complex DNA mixtures by 17% compared to traditional methods, while Raman Spectroscopy achieved an 85% resolution rate in trace evidence cases. Additionally, interdisciplinary approaches in postmortem interval estimation increased accuracy by 92% over traditional methods. Statistical analyses, such as chi-square tests and regression models, validated the efficacy of these advanced techniques.
These findings underscore the transformative potential of adopting advanced forensic tools. They significantly reduce error rates, enhance reliability, and ensure judicial confidence in forensic evidence. Despite their efficacy, challenges such as high costs and the need for extensive training remain barriers to widespread adoption.
Keywords: forensic science, laboratory-based theories, DNA analysis, STRmix™, Raman Spectroscopy, postmortem interval estimation.