Risk of Adrenal Crisis in Dental Patients: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Adrenal crisis, a potentially life-threatening condition, poses significant risks in dental practice, particularly for patients with adrenal insufficiency. Dental interventions, especially those involving surgical stress or inadequate perioperative glucocorticoid management, can trigger adrenal crises. This narrative review explores the pathophysiology of adrenal insufficiency, highlights at-risk patient populations, and examines the triggers and management strategies for adrenal crises in dental settings. By addressing the gaps in current dental guidelines, the review aims to enhance practitioner awareness and emphasize the importance of preventive measures, timely intervention, and interdisciplinary collaboration for safe dental care. Future research directions include optimizing protocols and fostering clinician education.