Exploring Molecular Diagnostics and Biomarkers

Abstract

Molecular diagnostics and biomarkers are some of the most exciting and innovative developments in today's medicine, it is a paradigm shift in the diagnostics, progression monitoring, and treatment of certain diseases. This field incorporates aspects of molecular biology genetics and clinical diagnostics to look for unique biomolecules that are associated with several health-related conditions diseases or treatment outcomes. The incorporation of these technologies has helped reduce the application of the classical signs and symptoms diagnosis to molecular-based diagnosis. The advances made in receptor technology have been highly notable in the expansion of new molecular diagnostics for personalized medicines. This change in thinking has been made possible by the new opportunities in the understanding of genomic, proteomic, and other '-omics’ sciences, as well as the improvement of analytical assets and supports. Such changes have allowed diagnosing diseases at earlier stages, controlling the effectiveness of treatment, and determining outcomes of patients' treatment. The material presented in this guide provides an overview of molecular diagnostics and biomarkers, technologies, and applications. We will introduce and review nucleic acid-based diagnostics, protein and circulating biomarkers, epigenomic markers, and point-of-care (POCT) systems. Further, the scope of biomarkers and biomarker discovery and validation procedure, companion diagnostics in personalized medicine, and future trends of molecular diagnostics will be presented. At every turn of this speech, we point out how these developments are enhancing patient care and transforming medicine.