The Theme of Blood in Adab al-Maqātil (Shi‘ite Literature on the Killing of Ḥusayn b. ꜥAlī)

Abstract

This article explores the theme of blood in Shi‘ite literature dealing with the killing of Ḥusayn b. ꜥAlī (referred to hereinafter as adab al-maqātil). The article begins with a historical introduction to the Battle of Karbala, including its causes and outcomes. Of its outcomes, the most historically impactful was the death of Ḥusayn b. ꜥAlī and his companions, an event which went on to figure prominently in the development of Shi‘ite literature and its use of religious images and symbols. The research makes clear that the theme of blood in adab al-maqātil is of central importance, suggesting that the purposes behind its ubiquitous recurrence are to evoke an emotional response among the Shi‘ite sect’s adherents, to point to the symbolism of blood as an element of redemption and sacrifice, and to emphasise that the blood shed by Ḥusayn b. ꜥAlī resulted in a martyrdom that offers life to generations to come.