Effect of Diet versus Skipping Rope Exercise on Body Composition and Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Adolescents

Abstract

This study investigates the comparative effects of dietary modification and skip rope exercise on body composition and insulin sensitivity in obese adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Obesity in adolescents is a growing public health concern in the region, often leading to impaired metabolic health and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In this randomized controlled trial, 180 obese adolescents were assigned to one of three groups: a dietary intervention group, a jump rope exercise group, or a control group receiving standard lifestyle advice. Over a 12-week intervention period, participants in the dietary group adhered to a calorie-restricted diet plan, while those in the exercise group engaged in a supervised skip rope training program. Key outcomes measured included changes in body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, lean body mass, and insulin sensitivity, assessed by the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Results demonstrated that both interventions significantly improved body composition and insulin sensitivity compared to the control group, with the exercise group showing greater improvements in lean body mass. These findings suggest that while both dietary and exercise interventions are effective for managing obesity-related complications, incorporating physical activity like skip rope exercise may yield additional benefits in enhancing lean muscle development. This study highlights the importance of tailored lifestyle interventions for improving metabolic health in obese adolescents, offering valuable insights for healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and feasibility of integrating such interventions into routine adolescent care.