Social Work Theory and Practice in Crisis, Disaster, and Trauma Management: Approaches for Effective Intervention and Support

Abstract

Social work plays a pivotal role in addressing the psychosocial challenges of crises, disasters, and trauma. This review synthesizes key theoretical frameworks, including trauma-informed care, strengths-based approaches, and the biopsychosocial model, which provide holistic and client-centered strategies for intervention. It also highlights emerging perspectives, such as complex and historical trauma theories, intersectionality, and resilience and empowerment frameworks, which enhance culturally responsive and equitable care. Practical interventions, such as psychological first aid and structured debriefing, are examined for their effectiveness in fostering resilience and mitigating long-term trauma. By integrating theoretical insights with evidence-based practices, social work demonstrates its critical role in promoting recovery, resilience, and systemic change during crises.