From Airway Assessment to Intubation: Nursing Responsibilities in Respiratory Care

Abstract

Registered nurses (RNs) play a crucial role in managing patients with impending respiratory failure. This article explores the essential skills and knowledge required by RN generalists to effectively identify early warning signs, assess patients, and implement appropriate interventions. Key aspects include recognizing symptoms of hypoxemic and hypercapnic respiratory failure, conducting comprehensive patient assessments focusing on vital signs, work of breathing, and level of consciousness, and interpreting diagnostic tests such as arterial blood gases and imaging studies. The article also discusses various oxygen delivery systems, including low-flow, reservoir, and high-flow devices, along with their specific characteristics and clinical applications. Basic airway management techniques, such as head tilt-chin lift and jaw thrust maneuvers, are described, as well as the use of adjunct equipment like bag-mask ventilation and oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways. The importance of RN preparedness for advanced interventions, including gathering necessary equipment and medications for intubation, is emphasized. The article highlights the significance of effective communication, teamwork, and ongoing education in enhancing patient outcomes. By possessing a strong foundation in respiratory care, RNs can serve as integral members of the healthcare team, ensuring timely and appropriate interventions for patients with respiratory compromise.