The Nurse as a Caregiver: Enhancing Comfort and Well-being in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Abstract

Providing high-quality care to mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) requires nurses to effectively balance the use of advanced technologies with addressing patients' psychosocial needs. This review examines evidence-based practices for promoting patient comfort in the ICU, focusing on positioning, hygiene, stressor management, pain relief, and sedation. Positioning strategies, such as the semi-recumbent position with head-of-bed elevation, can reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia and improve gas exchange. Hygiene interventions, including eye care, oral care, and washing, are essential for preventing infections and promoting comfort. Managing stressors, such as communication difficulties, sleep disturbances, and feelings of isolation, through targeted interventions can enhance patient well-being. Pain assessment and management, using both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, are crucial for minimizing patient distress. Sedation protocols incorporating daily interruptions and validated assessment tools can reduce ventilation time and ICU stay duration. Delirium, a common issue in critically ill patients, requires prompt detection and management through pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies. By implementing these evidence-based practices, ICU nurses can significantly improve the comfort and outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients.