Ensuring Patient Safety: The Nurse's Responsibilities in Blood Transfusion

Abstract

Blood transfusion is a life-saving procedure, with millions of patients receiving blood components annually worldwide. Nurses play a crucial role in ensuring safe transfusion practices and patient care. However, despite advancements in safety and technology, transfusion remains a risky procedure, with potential complications ranging from mild allergic reactions to life-threatening events such as acute hemolytic reactions and transfusion-related acute lung injury. Previous studies have highlighted deficiencies in nursing knowledge and practices related to blood transfusion, posing risks to patient safety. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and practices of staff nurses regarding blood transfusion at Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Kashmir, to establish a database for further investigations and emphasize the need for in-service training programs. Safe transfusion practices among nurses include rigorous patient identification, efficient use of blood components, safe collection and checking of blood bags, administering the correct component, conducting pre-administration checks, and monitoring the transfused patient. Nurses must be vigilant in recognizing and promptly responding to transfusion reactions, as early intervention can be lifesaving. Meticulous monitoring during and after transfusion is essential, as reactions can occur with any blood component, even when ABO compatible. The findings of this study underscore the importance of continuous education and training for nurses to ensure safe and effective blood transfusion practices.