Regenerative Endodontics: Progress and Prospects in Pulp-Dentine Complex Healing

Abstract

Regenerative endodontics has emerged as a transformative approach in dental care, focusing on the biological restoration of the pulp-dentine complex in teeth affected by pulp necrosis and other pathologies. Unlike traditional endodontic treatments that primarily aim to eliminate infection and seal the root canal, regenerative endodontics seeks to restore the vitality and functionality of the tooth by harnessing the body’s inherent healing capabilities. This review explores the significant progress made in the field, including advancements in understanding the biological mechanisms underlying pulp regeneration, the role of dental pulp stem cells, and the development of innovative biomaterials and techniques. Key therapeutic strategies, such as revitalization and revascularization, are examined, highlighting their indications, protocols, and outcomes. These approaches have shown promising results, particularly in young patients with immature roots, where the potential for continued root development and tissue healing is greater. However, challenges remain, including achieving a sterile environment, standardizing clinical protocols, and addressing biological factors that influence the success of regenerative therapies. The article also discusses future prospects in regenerative endodontics, including the potential of gene therapy, tissue engineering, and 3D bioprinting to enhance the regenerative process and create more effective treatment modalities. Ethical considerations surrounding the use of stem cells and the importance of informed patient consent are also addressed. In conclusion, regenerative endodontics holds great promise for improving patient outcomes and redefining the management of pulp-dentine complex diseases. Continued research and innovation in this field are essential to overcome existing challenges and fully realize the potential of regenerative therapies in clinical practice.