Current Approaches and Technologies in Orthodontics

Abstract

Orthodontics, a crucial specialty within dentistry, focuses on diagnosing, preventing, and treating malocclusions—misalignments of teeth and jaws that affect both functional and aesthetic aspects of oral health. This comprehensive review explores the historical evolution and recent advancements in orthodontic practices, highlighting the transition from traditional metal braces to innovative treatment options like clear aligners, which offer enhanced aesthetics and patient comfort. The classification of malocclusions, including Angle’s Class I, II, and III, provides a basis for developing tailored treatment strategies that address specific dental issues, ranging from crowding to severe jaw discrepancies. Furthermore, the role of interdisciplinary collaboration is emphasized, particularly in complex cases requiring surgical interventions, ensuring comprehensive patient care that integrates expertise from oral surgeons and periodontists. The psychological and social benefits of orthodontic treatment are also significant, with improved dental aesthetics leading to increased self-esteem and better social interactions. Advancements in digital technology, such as 3D imaging and computer-aided design, have revolutionized treatment planning, allowing for precise and efficient alignment of teeth. Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative tool in orthodontics, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and predicting treatment outcomes with higher precision. This integration of AI, combined with patient-centered approaches, reflects a shift towards more personalized and effective treatment modalities. As research continues to advance, orthodontics is expected to further incorporate innovative technologies, improving both the functional outcomes and the overall patient experience,