Biocompatible Materials in Modern Endodontics: Trends and Applications

Abstract

The field of endodontics has experienced significant advancements with the introduction of biocompatible materials that enhance treatment efficacy and promote healing. This review explores the current trends and applications of biocompatible materials in modern endodontics, emphasizing their importance in improving patient outcomes. Biocompatible materials, defined as substances that interact favorably with biological tissues, play a crucial role in various endodontic procedures, including root canal therapy, pulp capping, and perforation repair. Traditional materials such as gutta-percha and zinc oxide-eugenol have long been used in endodontics; however, their limitations have prompted the development of innovative alternatives. Recent advancements include the use of bioceramics, calcium silicate-based materials, bioactive glass, and resin-based composites. Bioceramics, such as Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine, are celebrated for their excellent sealing properties, biocompatibility, and ability to stimulate hard tissue formation. Bioactive glass exhibits unique properties that facilitate integration with surrounding tissues and promote healing. Resin-based materials have also been modified to enhance their biocompatibility and adhesion to dentin, offering improved performance in clinical applications. Emerging trends such as regenerative endodontics, which focuses on restoring pulp vitality and promoting tissue regeneration, highlight the growing importance of biocompatible materials in modern practice. Additionally, the integration of technologies such as 3D printing and nanotechnology is paving the way for the development of customized and enhanced materials with superior properties. In conclusion, biocompatible materials are transforming modern endodontics, providing clinicians with advanced options that not only address the biological needs of dental tissues but also improve overall treatment success. As research continues to evolve, the future of endodontic therapy appears promising, with the potential for even more effective and patient-centered approaches to dental care.